- - . KIKKA: PAUL KRUGMAN PREMIO NOBEL DE ECONOMIA 2008: NYTimes.com Krugman Wins Economics Nobel
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lunes, 13 de octubre de 2008

PAUL KRUGMAN PREMIO NOBEL DE ECONOMIA 2008: NYTimes.com Krugman Wins Economics Nobel

Krugman Wins Economics Nobel
Paul Krugman, a professor at Princeton University and an Op-Ed page columnist for The New York Times, was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences on Monday.
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Dennis Brack/Bloomberg News

Paul Krugman at the National Association for Business Economics meeting in Washington on Oct. 6.

It’s been an extremely weird day, but weird in a positive way,” Mr. Krugman said in an interview on his way to a Washington meeting for the Group of 30, an international body from the public and private sectors that discusses international economics. He said he was mostly “preoccupied with the hassles” of trying to make all his scheduled meetings on Monday and answer a constantly ringing cellphone.

Mr. Krugman received the award for his work on international trade and economic geography. In particular, the prize committee lauded his work for “having shown the effects of economies of scale on trade patterns and on the location of economic activity.”

He has developed models that explain observed patterns of trade between countries, as well as what goods are produced where and why. Traditional trade theory assumes that countries are different and will exchange different kinds of goods; Mr. Krugman’s theories have explained why worldwide trade is dominated by a few countries that are similar to each other, and why some countries might import the same kinds of goods that it exports.

“There was something very beautiful about the old existing trade theory and its ability to capture the world in a surprisingly simple conceptual framework,” Mr. Krugman said. “And then I realized that some of the new insights coming through in industrial organization could be applied to international trade.”

Mr. Krugman wrote his dissertation, however, on international finance, and credits his professor at M.I.T., Rudiger Dornbusch, with pushing him to study international trade.

“I went to visit him one snowy day in early 1978 and described to him what I’d been thinking about,” Mr. Krugman said. “He turned to me and said, ‘You’ve got to write about that.’ ”

Mr. Krugman has been an Op-Ed columnist at The New York Times since 1999.

“For economists, this is a validation but not news. We know what each other have been up to,” Mr. Krugman said. “For readers of the column, maybe they will read a little more carefully when I’m being economistic, or maybe have a little more tolerance when I’m being boring.”

He said that he did not expect his critics to let him off any more easily because of his new accolade, though.

“I think we’ve learned this when we see Joe Stiglitz writing,” Mr. Krugman said, referring to the winner of the economics Nobel in 2001. “I haven’t noticed him getting an easy time. People just say, ‘Sure, he’s a great Nobel laureate and he’s very smart, but he still doesn’t know what he’s talking about in this situation.’ I’m sure I’ll get the same thing.”

In 1991 Mr. Krugman received the John Bates Clark medal, a prize given every two years to “that economist under 40 who is adjudged to have made a significant contribution to economic knowledge.” He follows several Clark medal recipients who have gone on to win a Nobel, including Mr. Stiglitz.

“To be absolutely, totally honest I thought this day might come someday, but I was absolutely convinced it wasn’t going to be this day,” Mr. Krugman said. “I know people who live their lives waiting for this call, and it’s not good for the soul. So I put it out of my mind and stopped thinking about it.”

He said he did not participate in any of the economics Nobel betting pools , and that he did not know which day the winner’s name would be released until a colleague told him last week.

Mr. Krugman continues to teach at Princeton. This semester he is teaching a small graduate-level course on international monetary policy and theory, covering such timely subjects as international liquidity crises. In recent years he has also taught courses on the welfare state and international trade, as well as all-freshman seminars on various economic topics.

Monday’s award, the last of the six prizes, is not one of the original Nobels. It was created in 1968 by the Swedish central bank in Alfred Nobel’s memory. Mr. Krugman was the sole winner of the award this year, which includes a prize of about $1.4 million.



  • Gana Nobel de Economía el estadunidense Paul Krugman
Crítico del presidente George Bush, el economista fue reconocido por sus estudios en comercio internacional. Reuters Publicado: 13/10/2008 07:42
Estocolmo. El economista estadunidense Paul Krugman, un crítico de la gestión de George W. Bush, ganó el premio Nobel de Economía 2008 por sus investigaciones que ayudaron a esclarecer por qué algunos países dominan el comercio internacional.

Un economista prominente que escribe columnas para el New York Times, Krugman era desde hacía mucho tiempo un favorito para ganar el Nobel. Krugman, profesor de economía y relaciones internacionales en la universidad estadunidense de Princeton, contó que la noticia lo tomó por sorpresa. "Corrí a tomar una ducha para poder participar de la conferencia de prensa. Llamé a mi esposa y a mis familiares. Aún no he logrado tomar una tasa de café", dijo. Krugman es un crítico del presidente Bush porque considera que sus políticas condujeron a la actual crisis financiera. La Real Academia Sueca de Ciencias dijo este lunes que el premio de 10 millones de coronas suecas (1.4 millones de dólares) reconoce la formulación por parte de Krugman de una nueva teoría para responder las preguntas que impulsan la urbanización mundial.

"De esta forma ha integrado los campos de investigación anteriormente dispares del comercio internacional y la geografía económica", dijo el comité en su comunicado. "El abordaje de Krugman se basa en la premisa de que muchos bienes y servicios pueden producirse de manera barata y a gran escala, un conocimiento generalmente conocido como economías de escala", explicó el comité. La teoría de Krugman aclara por qué el comercio es dominado por países que no sólo tienen condiciones similares, sino que comercian productos parecidos. El comité mencionó a Suecia como un ejemplo, ya que exporta y a la vez importa vehículos. "Esta clase de comercio permite la especialización y la producción a gran escala, que resulta en precios más bajos y en una mayor diversidad", indicó el comité. El Nobel de Economía se estableció en los años sesenta y no forma parte del grupo original de galardones creados por voluntad de Alfred Nobel en 1895.


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